The United Arab Emirates reopened its embassy in Damascus on Thursday, marking a diplomatic boost for President Bashar Assad from a U.S.-allied Arab state that once backed rebels fighting him.
The UAE said the move aimed to normalize ties and to curb risks of regional interference in "Arab and Syrian affairs" – an apparent reference to non-Arab Iran, whose support for Assad has been critical to his war effort.
"The UAE decision follows understanding that the next stage requires Arab presence and communication in the Syrian sphere," UAE Foreign Minister Anwar Gargash tweeted.
The reopening of the embassy is a step towards Syria's rehabilitation by its Arab peers. Its membership in the Arab League was suspended seven years ago. Gargash told Al Arabiya TV that its readmission would require Arab consensus.
The UAE flag was raised at the embassy, shut since the early months of Syria's conflict nearly eight years ago. Abu Dhabi's Foreign Ministry said its chargé d'affaires assumed his duties on Thursday.
Robert Ford, who was serving as the U.S. ambassador to Syria when the uprising against Assad erupted in 2011, said the UAE embassy reopening indicated that the Sunni Muslim Gulf monarchy seeks to re-exert influence in Syria to blunt that of its Shiite-led foe, Iran.
"I think they are hoping that over time that by financial and diplomatic re-engagement with Damascus, they can reduce Iranian influence," said Ford, now a fellow with the Middle East Institute think tank who also teaches at Yale University.
Ford noted that the UAE has a "vibrant private sector" that is far better resourced than Iran to participate in the massive reconstruction effort that Syria requires.
The UAE was one of several regional states to back armed groups opposed to Assad, though its role was less prominent than those of Saudi Arabia, Qatar or Turkey, rebel sources in the region have said. Emirati support has been associated with groups opposed to Islamist domination of the uprising.
Nearly eight years into the war, Assad has recovered control of most of Syria with support from Russia, Iran, and Iranian-backed Shiite Muslim groups such as Lebanon's Hezbollah.
His military advances gathered pace this year with the defeat of the last big rebel enclaves near Damascus and recovery of the southwestern region.
Earlier this month, Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir became the first Arab head of state to visit Damascus since the start of the Syrian conflict, flying into Damascus airport.
The border crossing between Syria and Jordan, another U.S. ally that backed the rebels, was reopened in October. A Syrian passenger flight flew to Tunisia on Thursday for the first time in nearly eight years.
An Arab diplomat said last week he believed most Arab states wanted Syria to be readmitted to the Arab League, with only three or four states expected to oppose it.
Arms, training and funds from Arab states were funneled to Syrian rebels through a program overseen by the CIA until U.S. President Donald Trump ordered it shut down last year. In another potential lift for Assad, Trump also last week decided to withdraw U.S. forces deployed in northern and eastern Syria in support of Kurdish-led militia.
The U.S State Department has not commented on the UAE's move.
But Ford believes that Washington "probably just acquiesced" as the Trump administration is "more and more just washing its hands of Syria."
The anti-Assad insurgents' last foothold is an arc of northwestern territory abutting Turkey, which still supports them.
Assad has vowed to recapture control of the entire country.
